Basic Financial Calculator

Financial calculations are necessary for different parties such as owners of the organization, short and long-term creditors, investors, and shareholders. There are four basic financial calculations for the business analysis such as payback period, NPV, IRR, and ROI. These common calculations will help you to measure the impact of investment:

Payback Period: It is important to calculate the business because it is the time that a person will take to earn back the money spent on a project.

NPV: It is the present value of the future net cash flow of a project determined by applying a calculated discount rate.

IRR: It is a discount rate at which the NPV of a project equals 0 and it represents the investment yield rate produced by the project.

ROI: The gain or loss of an asset is based on the investment or purchase price.

Common Financial Ratios

Some common financial ratios are calculated to compare the financial status of the company to analyze the market trends and make important decisions based on these calculations. Financial ratios typically fall into three categories to provide very specific details. The first category includes “Liquidity Ratios” which specify the ability to meet its short-term obligations with some liquid assets. The second category includes “Financial Leverage Ratios” which will help you to evaluate the ability of a company to handle long-term responsibilities. The final category is known as “Profitability Ratios” which will help you to evaluate the worth or financial value of your organization. Usually, income statements, balance sheets, and cash flow statements will help you to calculate some important financial ratios.

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Current Ratio

The current ratio is usually calculated to find the ratio of current assets and current liabilities.

Current Ratio = Current Assets/Current Liabilities

Quick Ratio

The quick ratio is also known as the acid test ratio which is considered more inflexible than the current ratio. In this ratio, inventories and paid expenses are removed from the current assets because these are not able to turn back into cash and not able to liquidate quickly.

Quick Ratio = (Cash + Investment + Receivables) / Current Liabilities

Liquidity Ratio

The liquidity ratio is a more conservative ratio that helps you evaluate the ability of the company to pay off all debts instantly on demand.

Liquidity Ratio = Cash + Marketable Securities / Current liabilities

Inventory Turnover Ratio

The inventory turnover ratio is calculated by dividing the cost of goods sold by the average value of inventories. This ratio will prove as a good indicator of the actual inventory liquidity.